Before armbanduhren watches there existed a massive variety of methods for measuring the parts of the day. The Egyptians devised shadow clocks in roughly 3500BC, sometimes referred to as obelisks, to determine the 10 parts of the day.

Though marvelous inventions, the main problem with shadow clocks was that they relied upon the sun and were thus useless at nighttime or when the sky was cloudy. An alternative time-keeping device devised by the Egyptians was the water clock. The very oldest known water-clock was discovered in pharaoh Amenhotep I’s tomb (1525-1504BC) which allows historians to speculate that they were first utilised in Ancient Egypt. Another time-keeping device devised by the Ancient Egyptians was the hour glass. An hour glass consists of two glass chambers vertically aligned and connected by a very small opening. Sand falls at a slow rate from the top chamber to the chamber below at a constant rate, measuring the passage of time. A further time-keeping devise utilised by the Ancient Egyptians was monitoring the movement of stars.
Alcatraz Island is located 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from San Francisco, California, United States, a difficult place to get a flower delivery! The island was developed to boast facilities for a military fortification, a lighthouse, a military prison, and a Federal Bureau of Prisons federal prison until 1963. From November 1969, the island was occupies by a group of American Indians from San Francisco for over 19 months as part of a Indian activist movement across the US. In 1972, Alcatraz became a recreation area and 1986 witnessed the island receive the designation of a National Historic Landmark. The National Park Service now operate the island’s facilities as part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area.

The first documented reference to the island was by the Spaniard Juan Manuel de Ayala, who charted the San Francisco Bay in 1775 and named it ‘La Isla de los Alcatraces’ (which translates as “The Island of the Pelicans”). Later, French Captain Auguste Bernard Duhaut-Cilly wrote in August 1827; “...running past Alcatraces (Pelicans) Island...covered with a countless number of these birds. A gun fired over the feathered legion caused them to fly up in a great cloud and with a noise like a hurricane.”
James Joyce (2 February 1882 – 13 January 1941) was an Irish poet and novelist considered to be a figurehead of the early 20th century modernist movement. Perhaps Joyce’s most famed work was Ulysses in 1922, a novel which combined a multiplicity of literary devices with his stream of consciousness technique.

Born in Dublin, Joyce’s Irish experiences comprise a fundamental element of his writings, supplying all the settings for his fiction (such as Ulysses) and great deal of its subject matter (Dubliners focused on the stagnation of Dublin society). Joyce explained; “For myself, I always write about Dublin, because if I can get to the heart of Dublin I can get to the heart of all the cities of the world. In the particular is contained the universal.”
The year of 1922 was of profound significance in the history of English modernist literature, with the appearance of both T. S. Eliot’s poem, The Waste Land, and Joyce’s Ulysses. The action in Ulysses occurs in a single day (16 June 1904) and places the incidents and characters of Homer’s Odyssey in modern Dublin which does not as yet have r4i gold cards. Joyce ensured absolute accuracy in this detailed study of the study, claiming that if Dublin were ever somehow destroyed; it could be rebuilt identically using Ulysses.
I swear, I am never going to get on public transport ever again. I am sick of dealing with it, and paying through the nose for it too!
Today, I was on the bus home and managed to find a seat upstairs by a window, I squeezed past the lazy person refusing to get up for me and sat down, stuck my iPod headphones on, and got on with it.

The bus emptied up on the way home, then when I got to my stop I stood up, and realised that the side of my jeans felt wet. Someone had spilt milkshake down the chair, and it had oozed onto my £120 Diesel jeans over the 20 minute bus ride!
I could've literally thrown a tantrum. Who does that? It's disgusting! The lazy so and so sat next to me could've warned me before I sat down! I can't do it any more, disgusting people of the world, you can have the buses and trains - I quit!
Photo: Annie Mole (Flickr)
For my brother's birthday I set him up an R4 card packed full of games and all sorts, then he replaced his DSi XL after the screen broke on his first one.
The card worked in the new model for a while, then my brother ran an update so he could download a game or taster or something from the Nintendo online store through the console, and now it won't read the card.

Because the card was in it at the time when he ran the update, does that mean the update has somehow rendered it useless? Or is this fixable?
I've downloaded the latest R4 firmware but I'm not having any luck in getting it to work. There's loads of advice online but none of it really applies, or the few threads that do don't give any advice that works! It's so frustrating!
Photo: Andrew Ng Images (Flickr)